Frederick Sanger

Frederick Sanger is an English Biochemist and two time Nobel Laureate in Chemistry. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1958 for his work on the structure of proteins (especially insulin) and in 1980 he shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Walter Gilbert and Paul Berg. Gilbert and Sanger shared half of the prize for their breakthrough in the determination of nucleic acid base sequence.

Frederick Sanger proved that proteins have a defined chemical composition. He successfully determined the complete amino acid sequence of two polypeptide chains of Bovine Insulin. Sanger developed “dideoxy “chain termination method for sequencing DNA molecule. This method was used to sequence human mitochondrial DNA, bacteriophage DNA and eventually entire human genome.